# Browsing by Subject "CHARGED-PARTICLE PRODUCTION"

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Now showing items 1-9 of 9
• (2019)
Charged-particle spectra at midrapidity are measured in Pb-Pb collisions at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon-nucleon pair root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV and presented in centrality classes ranging from most central (0-5%) to most peripheral (95-100%) collisions. Possible medium effects are quantified using the nuclear modification factor (R-AA) by comparing the measured spectra with those from proton-proton collisions, scaled by the number of independent nucleon-nucleon collisions obtained from a Glauber model. At large transverse momenta (8 < p(T) < 20 GeV/c), the average R-AA is found to increase from about 0.15 in 0-5% central to a maximum value of about 0.8 in 75-85% peripheral collisions, beyond which it falls off strongly to below 0.2 for the most peripheral collisions. Furthermore, R-AA initially exhibits a positive slope as a function of p(T) in the 8-20 GeV/c interval, while for collisions beyond the 80% class the slope is negative. To reduce uncertainties related to event selection and normalization, we also provide the ratio of R-AA in adjacent centrality intervals. Our results in peripheral collisions are consistent with a PYTHIA-based model without nuclear modification, demonstrating that biases caused by the event selection and collision geometry can lead to the apparent suppression in peripheral collisions. This explains the unintuitive observation that R-AA is below unity in peripheral Pb-Pb, but equal to unity in minimum-bias p-Pb collisions despite similar charged-particle multiplicities. (C) 2019 Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire. Published by Elsevier B.V.
• (2019)
Measurements of inclusive and direct photon production at midrapidity in pp collisions at root s = 2.76 and 8 TeV are presented by the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The results are reported in transverse momentum ranges of 0.4 < p(T) < 10 GeV/c and 0.3 < p(T) < 16 GeV/c, respectively. Photons are detected with the electromagnetic calorimeter (EMCal) and via reconstruction of e(+) e(-) pairs from conversions in the ALICE detector material using the central tracking system. For the final measurement of the inclusive photon spectra the results are combined in the overlapping p(T), interval of both methods. Direct photon spectra, or their upper limits at 90% C.L. are extracted using the direct photon excess ratio R-gamma, which quantifies the ratio of inclusive photons over decay photons generated with a decay-photon simulation. An additional hybrid method, combining photons reconstructed from conversions with those identified in the EMCal, is used for the combination of the direct photon excess ratio R-gamma, as well as the extraction of direct photon spectra or their upper limits. While no significant signal of direct photons is seen over the full p(T), range, R-gamma, for p(T), > 7 GeV/c is at least one sigma above unity and consistent with expectations from next-to-leading order pQCD calculations.
• (2015)
The transverse momentum(p(T)) spectrum and nuclear modification factor (R-AA) of reconstructed jets in 0-10% and 10-30% central Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV were measured. Jets were reconstructed using the anti-k(T) jet algorithm with a resolution parameter of R = 0.2 from charged and neutral particles, utilizing the ALICE tracking detectors and Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMCal). The jet p(T) spectra are reported in the pseudorapidity interval of \eta(jet)\ <0.5 for 40 <p(T), jet <120 GeV/c in 0-10% and for 30 <p(T), jet <100 GeV/c in 10-30% collisions. Reconstructed jets were required to contain a leading charged particle with p(T) > 5 GeV/c to suppress jets constructed from the combinatorial background in Pb-Pb collisions. The leading charged particle requirement applied to jet spectra both in pp and Pb-Pb collisions had a negligible effect on the R-AA. The nuclear modification factor R-AA was found to be 0.28 +/- 0.04 in 0-10% and 0.35 +/- 0.04 in 10-30% collisions, independent of p(T), jet within the uncertainties of the measurement. The observed suppression is in fair agreement with expectations from two model calculations with different approaches to jet quenching. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V.
• (2017)
Electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays (charm and beauty) were measured with the ALICE detector in Pb-Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass of energy root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV. The transverse momentum (pT) differential production yields at mid-rapidity were used to calculate the nuclear modification factor R-AA in the interval 3 <p(T) <18 GeV/c. The R-AA shows a strong suppression compared to binary scaling of pp collisions at the same energy (up to a factor of 4) in the 10% most central Pb-Pb collisions. There is a centrality trend of suppression, and a weaker suppression (down to a factor of 2) in semi-peripheral (50-80%) collisions is observed. The suppression of electrons in this broad p(T) interval indicates that both charm and beauty quarks lose energy when they traverse the hot medium formed in Pb-Pb collisions at LHC. (C) 2017 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V.
• (2018)
Transverse-momentum (p(T)) differential yields of electrons from semileptonic heavy-flavour hadron decays have been measured in the most central (0-10%) and in semi-central (20-40%) Pb-Pb collisions at TeV. The corresponding production cross section in pp collisions has been measured at the same energy with substantially reduced systematic uncertainties with respect to previously published results. The modification of the yield in Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the expectation from an incoherent superposition of nucleon-nucleon collisions is quantified at mid-rapidity (|y| <0.8) in the p(T) interval 0.5-3 GeV/c via the nuclear modification factor, R-AA. This paper extends the p(T) reach of the R-AA measurement towards significantly lower values with respect to a previous publication. In Pb-Pb collisions the p(T)-differential measurements of yields at low p(T) are essential to investigate the scaling of heavy-flavour production with the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. Heavy-quark hadronization, a collective expansion and even initial-state effects, such as the nuclear modification of the Parton Distribution Function, are also expected to have a significant effect on the measured distribution.
• (2018)
Neutral pion and eta meson production in the transverse momentum range 1 < p(T) < 20 GeV/c have been measured at midrapidity by the ALICE experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in central and semicentral Pb-Pb collisions at root S-NN = 2.76 TeV. These results were obtained using the photon conversion method as well as the Photon Spectrometer (PHOS) and Electromagnetic Calorimeter detectors. The results extend the upper p(T) reach of the previous ALICE pi(0) measurements from 12 to 20 GeV/c and present the first measurement of eta meson production in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC. The eta/pi(0) ratio is similar for the two centralities and reaches at high p(T) a plateau value of 0.457 +/- 0.013(stat) +/- 0.018(syst) A suppression of similar magnitude for pi(0) and eta meson production is observed in Pb-Pb collisions with respect to their production in pp collisions scaled by the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. We discuss the results in terms of Next to Leading Order (NLO) pQCD predictions and hydrodynamic models. The measurements show a stronger suppression than observed at lower center-of-mass energies in the p T range 6 < p(T) < 10 GeV/c. For p(T) < 3 GeV/c, hadronization models describe the pi(0) results while for the eta some tension is observed.
• (2018)
Neutral pion and eta meson invariant differential yields were measured in non-single diffractive p-Pb collisions at root S-NN = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC. The analysis combines results from three complementary photon measurements, utilizing the PHOS and EMCal calorimeters and the Photon Conversion Method. The invariant differential yields of pi(0) and eta meson inclusive production are measured near mid-rapidity in a broad transverse momentum range of 0.3 < p(T) < 20 GeV/c and 0.7 < p(T) < 20 GeV/c, respectively. The measured eta/pi(0) ratio increases with p(T) and saturates for p(T) > 4 GeV/c at 0.483 +/- 0.015(stat) +/- 0.015(sys). A deviation from m(T) scaling is observed for p(T) < 2 GeV/c. The measured eta/pi(0) ratio is consistent with previous measurements from proton-nucleus and pp collisions over the full pi range. The measured eta/pi(0) ratio at high p(T) also agrees within uncertainties with measurements from nucleus nucleus collisions. The pi(0) and eta yields in p-Pb relative to the scaled pp interpolated reference, R-pPb, are presented for 0.3 < p(T) < 20 GeV/c and 0.7 < p(T) < 20 GeV/c, respectively. The results are compared with theoretical model calculations. The values of R-pPb are consistent with unity for transverse momenta above 2 GeV/c. These results support the interpretation that the suppressed yield of neutral mesons measured in Pb-Pb collisions at LHC energies is due to parton energy loss in the hot QCD medium.
• (2018)
Predictions for cold nuclear matter effects on charged hadrons, identified light hadrons, quarkonium and heavy flavor hadrons, Drell-Yan dileptons, jets, photons, gauge bosons and top quark pairs produced in p+Pb collisions at, root S-NN = 8.16 TeV are compiled and, where possible, compared to each other. Predictions of the normalized ratios of p+Pb to p+ p cross sections are also presented for most of the observables, providing new insights into the expected role of cold nuclear matter effects. In particular, the role of nuclear parson distribution functions on particle production can now be probed over a wider range of phase space than ever before. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
• (2015)
We report the results of the femtoscopic analysis of pairs of identical pions measured in p-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 5.02 TeV. Femtoscopic radii are determined as a function of event multiplicity and pair momentum in three spatial dimensions. As in the pp collision system, the analysis is complicated by the presence of sizable background correlation structures in addition to the femtoscopic signal. The radii increase with event multiplicity and decrease with pair transverse momentum. When taken at comparable multiplicity, the radii measured in p-Pb collisions, at high multiplicity and low pair transverse momentum, are 10%-20% higher than those observed in pp collisions but below those observed in A-A collisions. The results are compared to hydrodynamic predictions at large event multiplicity as well as discussed in the context of calculations based on gluon saturation.