Hemilä , H & Kaprio , J 2009 , ' Modification of the effect of vitamin E supplementation on the mortality of male smokers by age and dietary vitamin C ' , American Journal of Epidemiology , vol. 169 , no. 8 , pp. 946-953 . https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwn413
Title: | Modification of the effect of vitamin E supplementation on the mortality of male smokers by age and dietary vitamin C |
Author: | Hemilä, Harri; Kaprio, Jaakko |
Contributor organization: | Department of Public Health Clinicum Genetic Epidemiology |
Date: | 2009 |
Language: | eng |
Number of pages: | 8 |
Belongs to series: | American Journal of Epidemiology |
ISSN: | 0002-9262 |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwn413 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10138/228116 |
Abstract: | "The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study (1985-1993) recruited 29,133 Finnish male cigarette smokers, finding that vitamin E supplementation had no overall effect on mortality. The authors of this paper found that the effect of vitamin E on respiratory infections in ATBC Study participants was modified by age, smoking, and dietary vitamin C intake; therefore, they examined whether the effect of vitamin E supplementation on mortality is modified by the same variables. During a median follow-up time of 6.1 years, 3,571 deaths occurred. Age and dietary vitamin C intake had a second-order interaction with vitamin E supplementation of 50 mg/day. Among participants with a dietary vitamin C intake above the median of 90 mg/day, vitamin E increased mortality among those aged 50-62 years by 19% (95% confidence interval: 5, 35), whereas vitamin E decreased mortality among those aged 66-69 years by 41% (95% CI: -56, -21). Vitamin E had no effect on participants who had a dietary vitamin C intake below the median. Smoking quantity did not modify the effect of vitamin E. This study provides strong evidence that the effect of vitamin E supplementation on mortality varies between different population groups. Further study is needed to confirm this heterogeneity." The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study (1985-1993) recruited 29,133 Finnish male cigarette smokers, finding that vitamin E supplementation had no overall effect on mortality. The authors of this paper found that the effect of vitamin E on respiratory infections in ATBC Study participants was modified by age, smoking, and dietary vitamin C intake; therefore, they examined whether the effect of vitamin E supplementation on mortality is modified by the same variables. During a median follow-up time of 6.1 years, 3,571 deaths occurred. Age and dietary vitamin C intake had a second-order interaction with vitamin E supplementation of 50 mg/day. Among participants with a dietary vitamin C intake above the median of 90 mg/day, vitamin E increased mortality among those aged 50-62 years by 19% (95% confidence interval: 5, 35), whereas vitamin E decreased mortality among those aged 66-69 years by 41% (95% CI: -56, -21). Vitamin E had no effect on participants who had a dietary vitamin C intake below the median. Smoking quantity did not modify the effect of vitamin E. This study provides strong evidence that the effect of vitamin E supplementation on mortality varies between different population groups. Further study is needed to confirm this heterogeneity. |
Subject: | 314 Health sciences |
Peer reviewed: | Yes |
Rights: | cc_by_nc |
Usage restriction: | openAccess |
Self-archived version: | publishedVersion |
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