TY - T1 - Direct vertical transmission of ESBL/pAmpC-producing Escherichia coli limited in poultry production pyramid SN - / UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10138/302573 T3 - A1 - Oikarainen, Paula E.; Pohjola, Leena K.; Pietola, Eeva S.; Heikinheimo, Annamari A2 - PB - Y1 - 2019 LA - eng AB - Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmidic AmpC (pAmpC) producing Escherichia coli are found in the poultry production even without antibiotic use. The spread of these bacteria has been suggested to occur via imported parent birds, enabling transmission to production level broilers vertically via eggs. We studied transmission of ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli and E. coli without antibiotic selection by sampling imported parent birds (n = 450), egg surfaces prior to and after the incubat... VO - IS - SP - OP - KW - ESBL; pAmpC; Poultry production; Antimicrobial resistance; Whole genome sequencing; EXTENDED-SPECTRUM; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; COMPETITIVE-EXCLUSION; EGGSHELL PENETRATION; E. COLI; PLASMIDS; SALMONELLA; BROILERS; BENCHMARKING; DYNAMICS; 413 Veterinary science; 1183 Plant biology, microbiology, virology N1 - PP - ER -