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T1  - Oral motor functions, speech and communication before a definitive diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 
SN  -  /  
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10138/224057 
T3  -  
A1  - Makkonen, Tanja; Korpijaakko-Huuhka, Anna-Maija; Ruottinen, Hanna; Puhto, Riitta; Hollo, Kirsi; Ylinen, Aarne; Palmio, Johanna 
A2  -  
PB  -  
Y1  - 2016 
LA  - eng 
AB  - The aim of this study was to explore the cranial nerve symptoms, speech disorders and communicative effectiveness of Finnish patients with diagnosed or possible amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) at their first assessment by a speech-language pathologist. The group studied consisted of 30 participants who had clinical signs of bulbar deterioration at the beginning of the study. They underwent a thorough clinical speech and communication examination. The cranial nerve symptoms and ability to com... 
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KW  - Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Dysarthria; Speech; Communication; Bulbar symptoms; PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; SPEAKING RATE; DYSARTHRIA; ALS; INTELLIGIBILITY; DETERIORATION; MOVEMENTS; PATHWAY; TONGUE; 3124 Neurology and psychiatry 
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ER  -