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T1  - The importance of nesting cavity and tree reuse in the three-toed woodpecker Picoides tridactylus in dynamic forest landscapes 
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UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10138/225737 
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A1  - Pakkala, Timo; Tiainen, Juha; Kouki, Jari 
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Y1  - 2017 
LA  - eng 
AB  - Cavity-nesting birds can save time and energy by reusing old cavities. We studied cavity reuse and its connections to nesting success and timing in the three-toed woodpecker Picoides tridactylus in a 170-km(2) area in southern Finland during 1987-2015. The data include 520 nest trees, 645 nest cavities and 833 nestings in 86 territory sites, including 211 cases of cavity reuse. Twenty-five percent of nestings was in previously used cavities. Twenty-eight percent of cavities and 25% of nest trees... 
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KW  - SITE SELECTION; DENDROCOPOS-MAJOR; WOOD HARDNESS; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; BREEDING PERFORMANCE; SOUTHERN ENGLAND; STURNUS-VULGARIS; NATAL DISPERSAL; TENGMALMS OWL; BIRDS; 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology 
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