Underwater acoustic environment of coastal sea with heavy shipping traffic : NE Baltic Sea during wintertime implementation
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Syrjälä J, Kalliola R and Pajala J (2020) Underwater Acoustic Environment of Coastal Sea With Heavy Shipping Traffic: NE Baltic Sea During Wintertime. Front. Mar. Sci. 7:589141. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2020.589141
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| Title: | Underwater acoustic environment of coastal sea with heavy shipping traffic : NE Baltic Sea during wintertime implementation |
| Author: | Syrjälä, Joonas; Kalliola, Risto; Pajala, Jukka |
| Publisher: | Frontiers Social Media |
| Date: | 2020 |
| Language: | en |
| Belongs to series: | Frontiers in Marine Science, 12 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 2296-7745 |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.589141 |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10138/335758 |
| Abstract: | Shipping is the most pervasive source of anthropogenic underwater continuous noise and local intermittent noise. This study focused on the separation of anthropogenic intermittent noise from dynamic background noise in the Gulf of Finland using an adaptive threshold level (ATL) technique. The intermittent noise was validated with Automatic Identification System (AIS) data and the background noise with selected environmental factors. Separated components were characterized and compared with a sound exposure level (SEL) in three 1/3 octave bands. Intermittent noise can be separated with ATL in the Baltic Sea, and vessel traffic identified as the primary source. Background noise varies spatially and is partially explained by environmental factors. Intermittent noise has strong persisting influence on the acoustic environment near shipping lanes, elevating the SEL in each of the 1/3 octave bands: by 20–30 dB in the 63 Hz band, by 13–22 dB in the 125 Hz band and by 5–8 dB in the 2000 Hz band. We conclude that strong intermittent noise is characteristic to the underwater acoustic environment in the study area with heavy shipping traffic. By combining ATL with data from AIS, intermittent noise peaks in underwater hydrophone recordings can be associated with passages of individual vessels. |
| Subject: |
underwater noise
shipping AIS adaptive threshold level Baltic Sea intermittent noise noise threshold underwater acoustic acoustic environment noise underwater noise anthropogenic underwater noise local intermittent noise dynamic background noise sea coastal sea shipping traffic heavy shipping traffic vessel traffic winter wintertime automatic identification system sound exposure level SEL hydrophone recording Baltic Sea Gulf of Finland |
| Subject (ysa): |
vedenalainen melu
laivaus mukautuva kynnystaso itämeri ajoittainen melu melukynnys vedenalainen akustiikka akustinen ympäristö melu vedenalainen melu dynaaminen taustamelu rannikko rannikkomeri laivausliikenne raskas laivausliikenne laivaliikenne raskas laivaliikenne talvi talviaika AIS-järjestelmä alusten automaattinen tunnistusjärjestelmä äänialtistustaso hydrofoni hydrofoninen äänitys Itämeri Suomenlahti |
| Rights: | This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
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